A nose job, or cosmetic nose reshaping, is technically known as rhinoplasty. It's one of the oldest forms of cosmetic surgery. Although cosmetic surgery itself was being performed as early as in ancient Egypt, the general practice of the nose job procedure was initially perfected in ancient India, around 500 B.C. by the physician Sushruta. At that time, it apparently had more to do with reconstruction than for purely cosmetic reasons.
Later, in the 15th century, further development of the nose job procedure was done by Italian doctors. There were other developments throughout Europe at later times. However, most consider the technique to have been defined in ancient India.
During the 1800s, rhinoplasty took on a more cosmetic focus in both America and Europe. The procedure targeted those who wanted to aesthetically improve the appearance of the nose, according to what traits were desirable at the time. It was in 1845 when a surgeon by the name of Johann Dieffenbach presented a technique to straighten the nose.
Ultimately, two primary techniques are in use today: open and closed rhinoplasty. Closed rhinoplasty involves making an incision on the inside rim of the nostril. The other, open rhinoplasty, includes one more incision made on the columella (i.e. the tissue that separates the nostrils), often in a zigzag shape. Closed rhinoplasty generally takes up to two hours while open rhinoplasty takes longer - up to three hours. However, in both cases, surgery may take even longer depending on the extent of correction desired. As with any surgical procedure, there are issues specific to each method.
Regardless of the method used, nose jobs are performed for cosmetic purposes to improve the aesthetic appearance of not only the nose, but also to create a harmonious balance of facial features.
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